بررسی تاثیر طرحواره درمانی بر اجتناب شناختی، اضطراب و همدلی در زنان متأهل مراجعه کننده به مراکز مشاوره اهواز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی عمومی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران aseman37@yahoo.com

2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران (نویسنده مسئول) askary47@yahoo.com

3 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران b.makvandi@iauahaz.ac.ir

4 استاد، گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: خانواده به عنوان یکی از مهم ترین نهادهای اجتماعی نقش مهمی در شکل گیری شخصیت افراد دارد. رضایت، مطلوبیت، خشنودی، کیفیت و کارکرد مطلوب خانواده عوامل مهم و تأثیرگذار بر رشد و شکوفایی اعضای خانواده است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر طرحواره درمانی بر اجتناب شناختی، اضطراب و همدلی در زنان متأهل شهر اهواز انجام شد.
روش پژوهش: روش پژوهش، نیمه تجربی با طرح پیش­آزمون-پس­آزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری، شامل کلیه زنان متأهل مراجعه کننده به مراکز مشاوره شهر اهواز به دلیل ناسازگاری زناشویی در سال 1399 بودند. نمونه پژوهش، 30 نفر از زنان متأهل بودند که به صورت نمونه­گیری دردسترس، انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی، در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل (هر گروه 15 نفر) گمارده شدند. ابزار جمع­آوری داده­ها شامل پرسشنامه­های خرده مقیاس اضطراب، پرسشنامه اجتناب شناختی سکستون و داگاس و مقیاس صفات همدلی باتسون بود. اعضای گروه آزمایش، به صورت گروهی تحت طرحواره درمانی در 9 جلسه 90 دقیقه ای قرار گرفتند و گروه کنترل برنامه مداخله­ای دریافت نکرد. پیگیری مداخله 45 روز پس از پس­آزمون در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل انجام شد. داده­ها با روش کوواریانس چندمتغیری و تک­متغیری توسط نرم افزار SPPSS تحلیل شد.
یافته ­ها: یافته­ها نشان داد که بین گروه­های آزمایش و کنترل از نظر اجتناب شناختی، اضطراب و همدلی تفاوت معنی­داری وجود داشت (0.001p<). به عبارت دیگر، طرحواره درمانی باعث کاهش معنی­دار اجتناب شناختی و اضطراب و افزایش همدلی در افراد متأهل شد (0.001p<).
نتیجه ­گیری: نتایج نشان داد که در متغیرهای وابسته‌ (اجتناب شناختی، اضطراب و همدلی) بین گروه های طرحواره درمانی و گواه تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود داشت. همچنین نتایج در دوره 45 روزه تداوم داشته است. همچنین با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر، از برنامه طرحواره درمانی می­توان در جهت کاهش اجتناب شناختی و اضطراب و افزایش همدلی در زوجین دارای تعارض بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Schema Therapy on Cognitive Avoidance, Anxiety, and Empathy in Couples Referring to Ahvaz Counseling Centers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shabnam Mohammd 1
  • Parviz Asgari 2
  • Behnam Makvandi 3
  • Farah Naderi 4
1 PhD Student of General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. aseman37@yahoo.com,
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran (Corresponding Author)
3 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. nmafrah@yahoo.com
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The family as one of the most important social institutions has an important role in shaping the personality of individuals. Satisfaction, desirability, contentment, quality and optimal functioning of the family are important and influential factors on the growth and prosperity of family members. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of schema therapy on cognitive avoidance, anxiety and empathy in married women in Ahvaz.
Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population included all married women who referred to counseling centers in Ahvaz due to marital incompatibility in 2020. The sample consisted of 30 married women who were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Data collection tools included Anxiety subscale questionnaire from SCL-90 (1973), Sexton and Dagas Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (CAQ) (2008) and Batson Empathy Traits Scale (BEA) (1983). The members of the experimental group underwent group therapy schemas in 9 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group did not receive any intervention program. Follow-up intervention was performed 45 days after post-test in experimental and control groups. Data were analyzed by multivariate and univariate covariance using SPPS software.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of cognitive avoidance, anxiety and empathy (p<0.001). Schema therapy effectively decreased anxiety and cognitive avoidance and also increased empathy among couples with low marital adjustment in the experimental group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results showed that there was a significant difference in the dependent variables (cognitive avoidance, anxiety and empathy) between schema therapy and control groups. Also, the results lasted for a period of 45 days. Also, according to the results of the present study, schema therapy program can be used to reduce cognitive avoidance and anxiety and increase empathy in couples with conflict.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anxiety" Cognitive avoidance" Empathy" Marital adjustment"
  • Schema therapy

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خانواده و بهداشت
دوره 11، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 31
مقالات
اسفند 1400
صفحه 58-69

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 خرداد 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 تیر 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 خرداد 1400

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