طراحی و اعتباربخشی الگوی ارتقای سلامت روان دانش آموزان ابتدایی مبتنی بر مدل 4H

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)

3 استادیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: هدف این پژوهش طراحی و اعتباربخشی الگوی ارتقای سلامت روان کودکان ابتدایی مبتنی بر مدل 4H (مدل آموزش مهارتهای زندگی سازمان بهداشت جهانی) با استفاده از پژوهش ترکیبی است. با مطالعه ادبیات پژوهش، ابعاد، مولفه ها و شاخص ها شناسایی شده و نتیجه در قالب الگوی اجرایی ارائه شده است. روش شناسی: جامعه آماری در بخش کمی معلمان ابتدایی شاغل به تدریس در شهرستان رفسنجان شامل 1457 نفر می باشند که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران تعداد نمونه حداقل 304 نفر برآورد شد و با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. به منظور تبیین بهتر نتایج و آشکار شدن موارد مغفول در فاز کمّی، 13 مصاحبه عمیق در بخش کیفی با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری هدفمند و به صورت گلوله برفی انجام شد. ابزار جمع آوری داده ها در خصوص مولفه های آموزش مهارتهای زندگی، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته است که روایی آن به وسیله تحلیل عاملی تاییدی و همچنین روایی صوری و پایایی توسط محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ با مقدار830/0 سنجیده و الگوی اجرایی تحقیق با استفاده از داده های جمع آوری شده از طریق پرسشنامه و همچنین بهره گیری از فنون آمار توصیفی و استنباطی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته ها: الگوی پژوهش شامل 4 بعد و 15 مولفه مهارت زندگی ارائه گردید. نتیجه گیری: اولویت بندی مولفه های الگو به این شرح بود: اخلاق کاری، خودآگاهی، مدیریت، مهارت زندگی سالم، مهارت های قابل عرضه، هدف گذاری، تفکر خلاق، عزت نفس، توجه به دیگران، حل مساله، تفکر انتقادی، خودمسئولیتی، تصمیم گیری، ارتباطات و همکاری.

تازه های تحقیق

 ارائه الگویی اجرایی و بومی بر اساس ویژگی های فردی، فرهنگی و محلی 

به نظر میرسد مدل 4H برای آموزش مهارتهای زندگی با ویژگی های فراگیران مقطع ابتدایی سازگاری دارد و در عین حال، مطالعات زیادی روی این مسئله و با در نظر گرفتن کلیه عوامل تاثیرگذار بر آن در ایران انجام نشده است؛ 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing and validating a mental health promotion model for elementary students based on the 4H model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Jabbari Zahirabadi 1
  • Mehdi Shariatmadari 2
  • yalda delgoshaei 2
  • kordestani fereshteh 3
1 PhD student in Educational Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author)
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction & Objective: The aim of this study was to provide a model for promoting mental health in primary children based on life skills training based on the 4H model using a combination study. By studying the research literature, dimensions, components and indicators have been identified and the result has been presented in the form of an executive model. Methodology: The statistical population in the quantitative section of elementary teachers working in Rafsanjan city includes 1457 people. Using Cochran's formula, the number of samples was estimated at least 304 people and were selected using simple random sampling method. In order to better explain the results and reveal the neglected cases in the quantitative phase, 13 in-depth interviews in the qualitative section were conducted using purposive sampling method in the form of snowballs. The data collection tool for the components of life skills training is a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity is measured by confirmatory factor analysis as well as face validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha calculation with a value of 0.830 and the executive model of the research using aggregate data. Were collected through a questionnaire and also using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. Results: The research model including 4 dimensions and 15 components of life skills were presented. Conclusion: Prioritizing the components of the model was as follows: work ethic, self-awareness, management, healthy living skills, available skills, goal setting, creative thinking, self-esteem, attention to others, problem solving, critical thinking, self-responsibility, Decision making, communication and collaboration.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pattern
  • health promotion
  • education
  • life skills
  • elementary children
1-Fazalizadeh S.. Masoumi Fard M. How to Realize Life Skills in Elementary Education Curricula, Second National Conference on New Findings of Teaching-Learning in Elementary School, Bandar Abbas; 2020
2-Amoosoltani S., Yazdkhasti F., Oreyzi H,. Abbasi Jondani  J.. The Effectiveness of Psychodrama with the Content of Life Skills on Loneliness, Happiness, Affective Relationship and Parents’ Social Support in Adolescent Girls Dependent on the Cellphone. Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy, 2021; 12(45): 239-268.
3-Mantegh A., Gholtash A.. The effect of life skills training on the expression and self-esteem of female first year high school students in District 1 of Shiraz, 8th Scientific Conference on Educational Sciences and Psychology, Social and Cultural Harms of Iran, Tehran; 2020
4-Foroozeh S.. A Study of Attention to Creative Thinking Skills in Story Books of Age Group "C" Based on Guilford Creative Thinking Components, Master Thesis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad: 2015
5-Jahani J.. Investigating the extent of using Gilford's components of creativity in Persian children's magazines. Library and Information Sciences, 2019: 1-26.
6-Asadi M., Aghaei A., Atashpour S.. The effect of life skills training on the spiritual intelligence of female high school students. Scientific Journal of Women and Culture,2019; 3 (9): 21-31
7-Khanifar H., Karimzadeh K., Yazdani H., Rahmati M.. Qualitative design of elementary school life skills curriculum based on expert opinions, Scientific Journal of Training & Learning Researches, Serial 30, Autumn & Winter,  2019-2020; 16(2): 57-72.
8-Bahrami M.. The Effectiveness of Life Skills Training on Reducing Tendenciy toward High-Risk Behavior in High-School Adolescents in Tehran. Policewomen Studies Journal, 2017; (27): 49-67.
9-Yousefi R., Samadi P.. Success rate of Islamic life etiquette and skills curriculum (dignity plan) in students' problem-solving skills, Quarterly Journal of Curriculum Planning Research, 2017; 3: 47-68
10-Azami M., Jafari A., Karimi N.. Investigating the effect of life skills training on increasing the creativity of primary school children; Quarterly Journal of Initiative and Creativity in the Humanities, 2012; 2(2):11
11-Aflaki Fard H.. Investigating the effect of life skills training on self-efficacy and increasing happiness of female high school students in Isfahan's 4th district; Quarterly Journal of Counseling Research, 2015; 3: 47-69
12-Rezapour M., Fallah Y., Saberi M.. Evaluation of the effectiveness of intervention based on life skills training on the quality of life of women heads of households, Journal of Women and Society, 2016, 7 (1): 11
13-Meyer K.A.. Students’ Perceptions of Life Skill Development in Project-Based Learning Schools, Journal of Educational, 2015; 2(1): 11
14- Kalantar Ghoreishi M., Einolah Zadegan R., Rezaei Kargar F.. Study the relationship between personality traits with creativity and general health in adolescents. Journal of Innovation and Creativity in Human Science, 2012; 2(3): 45-59.
15- Heydarnia A., Sanaei Zakir B., Taleghani N.. Mental health and self-esteem of male middle school students in normal families under the custody of the father and under the custody of the mother. Social Welfare Issues of Children and Adolescents in Iran. 2004: 55-74.
16- Karami S., Dehghani Y., Saadatizadeh M.. Investigating the relationship between self-esteem and mental health with psychological well-being of divorced and normal children in Kohgiluyeh, the first national conference on modern science and technology in Iran. Tehran: 2015
17- Sogharisina F., Hosseini Tabaghdahi SL.. Women's self-esteem and mental health. Provincial Conference on Women's Health, Aliabad: 2016
18- Amir Khani M.. Investigating the relationship between self-esteem and mental health with psychological well-being of parents of normal children and borderline children in Baghmalek. National Conference on Professional Research in Psychology and Counseling with a Teacher Perspective, Minab: 2021
19- Mostafaei Yunjali M., Azad Mard Sh.. The Relationship between Self-Esteem and Mental Health with Exam Anxiety of Secondary School Students in Ardabil, 9th International Conference on Research in Psychology, Counseling and Educational Sciences, Ardabil: 2021
20- Mohammadi N.. Relationship between problem solving styles and general health. Journal of Psychology, 2004: 8; 4: 32
21- Abedini M., Asadi S., Hosseinpour Khaghani SH.. The Effectiveness of Teaching Emotional Intelligence Components in Problem Solving Skills and Mental Health of Female Middle School Students in Rasht, The First National Student Conference on Social Factors Affecting Health, Tehran: 2010
22- Khadri B., Dabaghi P.. The effectiveness of problem-solving skills training on soldiers' mental health. Ibn Sina Magazine, 2014; 16:1-2 (Series 46-47)
233- Rahaii F., Beidakhti A., Daneshzadeh F., Namiranian F.. The effect of problem-solving skills training on students' general health and self-esteem, First National Conference on Sustainable Development in Educational Sciences and Psychology, Social and Cultural Studies, Tehran: 2014
24- Amini N., Niayesh A., Rahmani M.. Evaluation of the effectiveness of problem solving and critical thinking training on mental health of male and female middle school students in Mehr and Lamerd counties, First International Conference on Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shiraz: 2015
25- Amini Zare S., Aghayi J.. The effectiveness of problem-solving skills training on general health and self-esteem of tenth grade students of 17 Shahrivar High School in Karaj. The Second National Conference on New Approaches in Education and Research, Karaj: 2017
26- Tahernejad A., Amini Zare S., Saadi P.. Explain the relationship between problem solving skills and improving students' self-esteem and health. Fifth National Conference on New Approaches in Education and Research, Tehran: 2020
27- Kordloo A., Ahmadi A.. The Relationship between Social Skills and Critical Thinking with Mental Health in Islamshahr Elementary School Students, Islamic Azad University, Buin Zahra Branch: 2017
28- Heydari Bidokhti F., Ajam A.. Comparison of mental health of male and female students and its role in the tendency to critical thinking of ninth grade students in Gonabad, the first national conference on applied research in humanities and psychology, Tehran: 2018
29- Karimi M., Fatemi N.. Relationship between the quality of parent-child interaction with the tendency to critical thinking and components of mental health in adolescent female students, Quarterly Journal of Counseling Research , 2018; 17(68): 11
30- Jahani N.. The Relationship between Critical Thinking Skills and Information Literacy with Health Literacy of Students Members of Babolsar Public Library, Fifth National Conference on New Approaches in Education and Research, Mahmoudabad: 2020
31- Safaei Tabalvandani R., Safaei Tabalvandani R.. Comparison of critical thinking with the general health of students of Islamic Azad University and Applied Science, the first national conference on the realization of unattainable ideas in the field of information technology and technology (electronic), Ghaemshahr: 2020
32- Naro Alayna Laura L.. Designing a 4-H Residential Summer Camp Experience, The Mississippi State University site, Greenhaw: 2017
33- Ghanbari A., Haghanipour F., Babaei Z., Haj Ahmadi Jahromi M.. Investigating the Relationship between Quality of Life and Mental Health with Responsibility of Junior High School Students, Fourth National Conference on Sustainable Development in Educational Sciences and Psychology, Social and Cultural Studies, Tehran: 2016